General Cell Division - Genetic Stability and Instability
The Mechanism: The Mendelian Crossing Experiments revealed a random nature within our biological patterns of inheritance. It came with the developement of staining techniques and the further engineering of what we would call today, primative microscopes. It is not an overstatement that the use of statistics within science and advancements in microscopy were on the cutting edgein the mid-1800's. Basically, if you will allow, a dance was observed that occured sterotypically before the devision of a cell. Consider that this dance take 20-plus minutes and after hours of interphase. A proper microscope was needed and a proper stain that would enter the cell and not kill it. Eureka! A colered body or chromosome.

The Dance: The key component is the centriole that divides on it's own, each daughter moves as far away from the other establishing poles, puts out spidle fibers that connect to the interior cell wall and the chromosomal centromere and then pulls. Presenting, The Dance, with visuals below.

Mitosis - Asexual Cell Division: This is the most common form of reproduction on the planet.
Interphase: This is the phase in which the cell grows, duplicates it's DNA and prepares to divide. While doing this it is also functioning according to it's "programming" and completing tasks that are part of it's overall function.
Prophase: The Nuclear Envelope disinigrates exposing coiled DNA called chromosomes. Centriols divide, move away from each other and begin the process of putting out spindle fibers.
Metaphase: Spidle fibers connect with chromosome centromeres, the chromosomes are pushed to the middle where contact is made with spidle fibers on the other side of the cell. Spindle fibers also make contact with interior cell walls.
Anaphase: Spidle fibers are "pulled" (actually digested) and the sister chromotids separate with each traveling to opposite sides of the cell.
Telophase: Spindle fibers connected to the interior cell wall begin the collapsing of the cell wall at the equator. This pinches off the cell and segratates a randomized set of cell organells and half of the DNS material.
The process of Mitosis produces two "indentical" diploid daughter cells

Meiosis - Gamete Production: The format is the same as above with the exception that crossingover events of chromosomal branches (Chiasma) connect homologous chromosomes which forces the same division pattern as seen in mitosis to devide the mother cell into four "different" haploid daughter cells. Yes gentlemen, your sperm are your daughters.
Interphase: This is the phase in which the cell grows, duplicates it's DNA and prepares to divide. While doing this it is also functioning according to it's "programming" and completing tasks that are part of it's overall function.
Prophase I: The Nuclear Envelope disinigrates exposing coiled homologous chromosomes (chromosomal pairs). Centriols divide, move away from each other and begin the process of putting out spindle fibers.
Metaphase I: As spidle fibers connect with outside chromosomal centromeres, the chromosomal pairs are pushed to the middle where contact is made with spidle fibers on the other side of the cell. Spindle fibers also make contact with interior cell walls.
Anaphase I: Spidle fibers are "pulled" and the homolgous chromosomes separate with each traveling to opposite sides of the cell.
Telophase I: Spindle fibers connected to the interior cell wall begin the collapsing of the cell wall at the equator. This pinches off the cell and segragates a randomized set of cell organells and half of the DNA material. The dauther cells are now haploid with half the DNA of the original mother cell.
Prophase II: The cell goes directly into this phase with exposed chromosomes. Centriols divide, move away from each other and begin the process of putting out spindle fibers.
Metaphase II: Spidle fibers connect with chromosome centromeres, the chromosomes are pushed to the middle where contact is made with spidle fibers on the other side of the cell. Spindle fibers also make contact with interior cell walls.
Anaphase II: Spidle fibers are "pulled" (actually digested) and the sister chromotids separate with each traveling to opposite sides of the cell.
Telophase II: Spindle fibers connected to the interior cell wall begin the collapsing of the cell wall at the equator. This pinches off the cell and segragates a randomized set of cell organells and half of the DNS material.
The process of Meiosis produces four "different" haploid daughter cells (Egg or Sperm)

See the Action Below...

Mitosis (Cell Production)		Meiosis (Gamete Production)

BRAVO - BRAVO!! Encore - Encore!!